Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 18، number In Volume 3، June 2025 ، issue Number 109

Loneliness, its kinds and causes in Siavash Kasraei's poems

Seyed Alireza Kashfinia , Ahmad Tahan (Author in Charge), Mohammad Mehdi Torabikhah

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Siavash Kasraei is one of the distinguished poets in the contemporary literature. In his poems, the content of loneliness gradually becomes more frequent by changes happened in his life and his emigration from Iran. In this paper, the loneliness has been examined to analyze the causes and kinds of loneliness and how the poet reacts to it. In this study, the loneliness is analyzed and classified based on Ervin Yalom and Lars Svendsen’s theories.

METHODOLOGY: Through descriptive and analytic methods and on the basis of library research, the current study has tried to examine the content of loneliness in Kasraei’s poems. Statistical population of the research includes the whole collection of his poems.

FINDINGS: Kasraei is a poet who initially composes his poems with partisan thoughts and theme of hope. Based on Yalom and Svendsen’s theories, only situational and interpersonal loneliness resulted from the separation of friends and death of beloved ones are observed in his poems. This loneliness is not deep and is integrated with the content of resistance and hope; however, after his emigration from Iran, with the sorrow of the compulsory emigration, extreme homesickness, the destruction of his political party’s desires and wishes and the separation of his comrades, his loneliness deepens and reaches isolation. Based on Yalom and Svnedsen’s theories, it seems that Kasraei suffers from chronic and intrapersonal loneliness and finally with the emptiness and despair of human loneliness in the world, he reaches cognitive and existential loneliness. Chronic and interpersonal loneliness is deep in his poems. This gradually begins after the composed poems in the year of 1362 and continues to Kasraei’s final poems.

CONCLUSION: The content of loneliness in Kasraei’s poems implies a negative approach which is resulted from the experienced separation, death of the loved ones, the feeling of homesickness, and his unfulfilled desires and wishes. Confronted with his loneliness, Kasraei initially composes his poems with hopeful spirit but, after immigration, he suffers from sadness, despair and isolation and this content becomes more frequent in his poems. Interpersonal loneliness observed in his poems prior to immigration became more noticeable in this period. With the isolation in another country and not fulfilling his desires, Kasraei reaches chronic and intrapersonal loneliness. In some cases, he turns to the emptiness and existential loneliness due to the selection of partisan goals. Moreover, with the interpersonal, chronic and existential loneliness he reaches internal isolation.

Keyword
Loneliness , Siavash Kasraei , Immigration , Yalom , Svendsen

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